The Sten used simple stamped metal components and minor welding, which required minimal machining and manufacturing. The Lanchester and Sten magazines were even interchangeable (though the Lanchester's magazine was longer with a 50-round capacity, compared to the Sten's 32.) In terms of manufacture, the Lanchester was entirely different, being made of high-quality materials with pre-war fit and finish, in stark contrast to the Sten's austere execution. The Sten shared design features, such as its side-mounted magazine configuration, with the Royal Navy's Lanchester submachine gun, which was a copy of the German MP28. Shepherd had been recalled to service after having retired and spending some time at the Birmingham Small Arms Company ( BSA). Harold John Turpin, Senior Draughtsman of the Design Department of the Royal Small Arms Factory (RSAF), Enfield. Shepherd, OBE, Inspector of Armaments in the Ministry of Supply Design Department at The Royal Arsenal, Woolwich, (later Assistant Chief Superintendent at the Armaments Design Department) and Mr. In order to rapidly equip a sufficient fighting force to counter the Axis threat, the Royal Small Arms Factory, Enfield, was commissioned to produce an alternative. American entry into the war at the end of 1941 placed an even bigger demand on the facilities making Thompsons. Prior to 1941 (and even later) the British were purchasing all the Thompson submachine guns they could from the United States, but these did not meet demand, and Thompsons were much more expensive, costing anywhere from $70–200, whereas a Sten cost only $11. The army was forced to replace weapons lost during the evacuation from Dunkirk while expanding at the same time. The Sten emerged while Britain was engaged in the Battle of Britain, facing invasion by Germany. Over four million Stens in various versions were made in the 1940s, making it the second most produced submachine gun of the Second World War, after the Soviet PPSh-41. Shepherd and Harold Turpin, and EN for the Enfield factory. The STEN is a select fire, blowback-operated weapon and loads its magazine on the left, rather than the bottom, as is the usual configuration.STEN is an acronym, from the names of the weapon's chief designers, Major Reginald V. The STEN served as the basis for the Sterling submachine gun, which replaced the STEN in British service until the 1980s, when it, and all other submachine guns, were replaced by the SA80.
They had a simple design and very low production cost, making them effective insurgency weapons for resistance groups, and they continue to see usage to this day by irregular military forces. The STEN (or Sten gun) is a family of British submachine guns chambered in 9×19mm and was used extensively by British and Commonwealth forces throughout World War II and the Korean War. Royal Small Arms Factory Enfield BSA ROF Fazakerley ROF Maltby ROF Theale Berkshire Lines Brothers Ltd Long Branch Arsenal Canada (plus numerous sub-contractors making individual parts) Various underground resistance group factoriesģ.7–4.6 million (all variants, depending on source) World War II Second Sino-Japanese War Chinese Civil War Indonesian National Revolution First Indochina War Indo-Pakistan Wars 1948 Arab–Israeli War Malayan Emergency Korean War Mau Mau Uprising Algerian War Suez Crisis Sino-Indian War Vietnam War Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation Laotian Civil War Biafran War Bangladesh Liberation War Lebanese Civil War Angolan Civil War Rhodesian Bush War Turkish invasion of Cyprus IRA Border Campaign The Troubles Punjab insurgency Maluku sectarian conflict Iraq War Syrian Civil War 1941–1960s (United Kingdom) 1941–present (Other countries)
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